BASIC TYPES OF WATER
DEFINED
In general, water for
drinking and cooking should be wholesome. It should be both potable and
palatable.
It must be
bacteriologically and chemically safe for drinking and be good tasting. It
should be clear, colorless, and have no unpleasant taste or odor.
In our present-day world,
we need at least three basic types of water of somewhat different quality,
depending on the requirements of each use:
1. Utility
Water. Water which is suitable for
use in sanitation and lawn sprinkling; adequate in quantity, bacteriologicallysafe, but not necessarily treated to the highest quality.
Each city has different
regulations for what is in their utility water.
Utility water comes from
your cities water source which means you will also have to pay a water bill.
Homeowners often purify
their utility water to remove contaminants and make it more suitable for
drinking water.
2. Softened
Water. Water which is optimum for bathing,
shampooing, personal grooming, laundering and dishwashing.
Since many of these uses
demand hot water, fully softened water produces better results with minimum
soap and detergent usage, and, in addition, provides conservation of energy
required for water heating.
If water is not softened
and contains many minerals such as calcium and magnesium, it is considered hard
water.
Hard
water causes many problems throughout the home by leaving scaling on water
appliances. Over time when scale becomes thicker and thicker the appliance will
use more energy to heat up because of the thick scale build up.
This
is why softened water is recommended to prolong the life of many appliances in
the home. Hard water leaves spots on dishes and leaves bathtubs with film and soap
scum.
Have
you ever noticed when the sprinklers hit your car it leaves very noticeable spots? This is because it is very hard water that
has not been treated.
Soft Water – Less than 1 gpg (grain per
gallon)
Slightly Hard – 1-3.5 gpg
Moderately Hard – 3.5 – 7 gpg
Very Hard – 7-10 gpg
Extremely Hard – Over 10 gpg
3. Drinking Water. Water
to be used for drinking and cooking must be of high quality.
It
must meet or exceed the bacteriological and chemical requirements of both the
EPA Interim Primary and Secondary Drinking Water Regulations.
Since
water used for drinking and cooking amounts to only about 1/2 of 1% of the
total water supplied by a community, this amounts to 0.875 gallons per person
per day of the 175 gallons per person per day furnished by the community.
The
remaining amount (over 174 gallons per person per day) is used for a variety of
purposes such as sprinkling lawns and irrigation, flushing toilets, fighting
fires, cleaning streets, as well as utility commercial and industrial uses
within the community.
The
Safe Drinking Water act gives individual states the opportunity to set and
enforce their own drinking water standards. As long as they are at least as
strong as EPA’s national standards.
Of
course, many commercial establishments (laundries, beauty salons, car washes,
etc.), industries (for rinsing and specific processes), and institutions
(hospitals, for example for laboratory use, hemodialysis, etc.) will want to
provide extremely high quality water of different types for specific
applications at the point of use.
Today,
more than ever before, water is what we make it - not only for community water
supplies, but also for individual water supplies.
Point-of-use
water treatment today is an extremely viable and readily available means by
which water of extremely high quality can be provided.
Moreover,
point-of-use water treatment also provides distinct and unique advantages in
that only the amount of water needed for each specific purpose or application
is treated to the desired quality, since treatment takes place just before the
water is used.
Also, there
is virtually no opportunity for recontamination of the water from the distribution
system after treatment.
It is
important to understand the different types of water and their relation to
water quality. This can help to understand the different purposes they are used
for. You will not want to water your lawn with purified water or you will not
want to be drinking the same water coming out of your sprinklers.
Nowadays
water sources are more contaminated than before. It is important to have a
purification system for your drinking water.
Purified
drinking water is the most important water to be contaminant-free since it is
the water you are putting in your body.
Most
heavy metals cannot penetrate skin through showers but can be harmful if they
are consumed.
It is
highly recommended to make sure that the water your family is drinking is being
purified and is contaminant-free.
Not
only will it taste great, you will have a peace of mind that your water will
not cause you or your family any harm.
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